Signs of cystitis in women: symptoms and home treatment

Cystitis- This is a pathology, characterized by the development of an inflammatory process that affects the wall of the bladder due to the effects of bacterial microorganisms.Signs of cystitis in womenStatistical cystitis- One of the most common urological pathologies. Women are much more predisposed to the occurrence of this inflammation, due to their morphophysiological characteristics.Bacterial agents entering the bladder cavity are possible in three ways:The upward path- through the urethra (uretra). The main role in this version of the penetration of microorganisms belongs to the anatomical and morphological characteristics of the female urinary tract: a short and wide uretra, closely dispensed with the anus and the vagina.Road down- kidneys. This option is developing as the course of renal inflammation, for example, chronic pyelonephritis.Hematogenic path- The rarest option is established when cystitis occurs immediately after infectious diseases, or when another source of purulent infection in the female body is detected. There is also a probability of bacterial microflora in the bladder due to the presence of anatomical anastomoses (connections) between the lymphatic vessels of the genitals and the bladder, subject to inflammatory changes above.The most common causal agent of the bladder inflammatory process is E. Coli (in 4 out of 5 cases, which is associated with aforementioned anatomical and morphological characteristics and the presence of this microflora in the intestine).Less frequently, cystitis is associated with staphylococcal, streptococcal and enterococcal microorganisms. Gram - Negative sticks cause the bladder inflammation due to instrumental and surgical interventions. Recently, the incidence of cystitis associated with fungal microorganisms, the simplest and viruses have increased.Only the introduction of infectious microorganisms is not enough for the development of a complete inflammatory response in the bladder, because the body contains mechanisms of resistance to the action of the pathogenic flora.

Cystitis development factorsThus, in addition to the etiological factor, factors such as ::Hemodynamic function disorder(blood circulation) of the pelvic organs and, in particular, the bladder;District of the expression of the bladder(stagnation of urine);Reasons for the development of cystitis in womenInhibition of various immune links of the body(lack of vitamins, exposure to low temperatures, stress, increased fatigue, etc. );Passionate effects of biochemical agentsand exchange products released in the urine to the structure of the bladder wall;exposure to radiological rays;non-compliance with hygieneexternal genitals and random sexual intercourse;Pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, in the presence of which the microflora accumulates and increases its activity, which later enters the urinary tract;Regular changes in hormonal metabolismThis leads to the lack of tone of the urethra and creates the best infection conditions.

The first symptomatic manifestations of cystitis in womenThe acute cystitis clinic in a woman is characterized by a sudden beginning and a complex of pronounced symptomsWith:The appearance of a frequent urination (Pollakiuria)which is characterized by a frequency at least once every 60 minutes and small volumes of the released urine; With the development of frequent imperative impulses, patients are unable to control and maintain urine;Dysuria (violation of urination)Accompanied by pain in the hypogastric region (at the bottom of the abdomen). With the development of the degree of inflammatory processes in the wall of the bladder, these symptoms progress: the more it develops, the more the desire to urinate and the more intense pain;Itching in urinary tractemerging during the act of urination. Develops due to the exposure to the mucosa of the products of the urinary tract of the metabolism of microorganisms which caused the inflammation of the bladder;Blood appearanceat the end of the micual law;The appearance of urine disorder, due to the entry of a large number of blood cells (leukocytes and red blood cells), bacterial microflora, cells of the surface epithelium of the internal wall of the bladder;These patients are not characterized by a change in the general condition.The temperature indicators of patients are characterized by normal or slightly increased numbers (low -graduated). Scientists associate this to the fact that the bladder mucosa practically does not suck the metabolic products of microorganisms, which, after having entered the blood, generally lead to body intoxication and the development of symptoms characteristic of inflammation.The bond of sudden symptoms and the previous hypothermia of the body of the woman who appeared. Phenomena of acute inflammation can sometimes be observed for 2 to 3 days and disappear independently without the use of therapy. Characterization of pain with cystitisHowever, most often this process takes more than 6 days, sometimes up to 15 days. The presence of a disease on a later date, subject to the appointment of therapy, requires the appointment of additional examination methods in order to identify concomitant pathologies of the body.

Characterization of pain with cystitis in womenIn patients with acute cystitis, a different degree of severity of pain syndrome is observed:In the evolution of the inflammatory process, patients feel gravity or insignificant pain in the bottom of the abdomen.Sensitive pain at the end of the micual law accompany moderate pollakiuria. With the subsequent development of the inflammatory process, the intensity of the pain increases. Subsequently, this syndrome accompanies the beginning or the whole act of urination. The pain does not become linked to the act and acquires of an almost constant nature, it is accompanied by a very painful palpation on the projection of the bladder.In a situation where heavy cystitis has developed, patients must urinate at least 2 to 3 times per hour, which is accompanied by significant pain syndrome and the appearance of the blood discharge from the urethra at the end of the law. Pain considerably worsens the quality of the patient's life, because they do not disappear throughout every day.

The presence of blood cells and blood in urine with cystitis (hematuria syndrome)When an inflammatory process develops in the walls of the bladder, it affects the fabric areas near the confluence of the ureters and the exit of the urethra. The fabric lets go and bleeds. This manifests itself by the appearance of micro- and macrohematuria (or blood) in the urine, which is often observed at the end of the mation law (terminal hematuria).One of the most serious forms of acute cystitis is hemorrhagic. This type of inflammation occurs with a significant penetration of red blood cells (red blood cells) of the blood circulation of the nourishing arteries in the bladder cavity.This option is possible in the event of increased permeability of the walls of the blood vessels (condition for anemia, a deficiency in vitamins, function of the blood system operation) or damage to the above walls with bacterial cells (generally a streptococcal flora). The red blood cells that fell into the bubble cavity colored the urine in the blood stone.When hematuria occurs, the doctor is forced to carefully conduct differential diagnostics between acute cystitis and complicated acute shape - hemorrhagic cystitis. For this, additional examination methods are prescribed, the type of lesion is clarified and the most correct therapy scheme is selected.

Characteristics of the course of acute and chronic cystitis in women

Acute cystitisIn summary the above information, we can distinguish the clear appearance of the disease and the presence of a certain complex of symptoms for acute cystitis:Frequent urilation in small portions,Pain syndrome of various nature,itching that is associated with the act of urination,The appearance of blood falls at the end of the act,The unchanged general state of women.With a true and timely diagnosis, the pathological condition is healed within 6 to 10 days. In the absence of improvements after the 15th day of the disease, it is worth thinking about the chronization of inflammatory changes. Chronic cystitisIn addition to hemorrhagic, there are two other forms of complicated evolution of acute cystitis:Gangrenous.The gangrenous form is rarely found and occurs due to an alteration of the blood supply or an innervation of the bladder. Clinically, such cystitis manifests itself by the development of difficulty, accompanied by pain, high body temperature, pain in the sacred region. The process is extremely dangerous for the development of formidable complications, such as peritonitis and requires the rapid taking of treatment measures.Flegmonous.The lazy form manifests itself by significant poisoning of the body, a high body temperature and is accompanied by the release of a small amount of urine (oliguria). Urine, with such a complicated current, acquires a smell of putrefactive, a muddy character, fibrin formation flakes, a mixture of blood.The duration of the pathology course in the case of the development of complicated forms increases considerably.There is another form of cystitis - interstitial.It is characterized by inflammation of all membranes of urine bubbles. The clinic is dominated by a strongly rapid urination, reaching up to 180 times a day, active complaints of intense pain in the hypogastric region when filling the bladder and its regression after the mation law. The capacity of the bubble is considerably reduced, following which the above symptoms occur.

Chronic cystitisChronic cystitis, unlike acute, rarely occurs as a main pathology and, in most cases, is a secondary complication of the course of existing pathologies of the bladder, kidneys, urethra. Given this fact, it is necessary to carefully examine the body for the presence of the above pathological changes, as well as to exclude or confirm the specific origin of microorganisms-stick of tuberculosis, of trichomonas invasion.Clinically, chronic cystitis manifests itself either by a continuous course with moderate differences in complaints and clinical analysis of urine, or in the form of a recurring pathology with periods of exacerbation (similar to the acute cystitis clinic) and complete regression (with the absence of manifestations of the pathological process).Thus, the objective manifestations of chronic cystitis correspond to such in the acute process. They are correlated with the common protective properties of the body, the etiology of a bacterial agent who caused an infectious process and the degree of gravity of inflammation. Pain, frequent urination, itching, the presence of blood and urine disorder are less pronounced with a constant course and correspond to the acute process with the recurring course of chronic cystitis.Due to the lesion of the inflammatory reaction of the mucous membrane, the edema of all the layers of the urine wall and the increase in intrapacear pressure have created all the formation of the vesicular-memory reflux, that is to say by throwing the liquid of the bladder in the ureter (connects the kidneys and the bubble).Cystitis diagnosis in womenThe doctor-assistant is engaged in checking the diagnosis and the purpose of treatment for cystitis.In order to properly diagnose inflammatory pathology, it is necessary to clearly correct the complaints of patients and its history (which preceded the development of the pathology). Clinical manifestations are quite specific and can immediately indicate the presence of this disease, however, it is necessary to carefully conduct a differential diagnosis between all types of cystitis, as well as other pathologies of bladder and abdominal organ disease.From anamnesis, data on the constraints and influences of low temperatures, drugs taken, as well as other lesions located in pelvic organs and the genitarinary system, will be useful.After clarifying complaints and an anamnesis, the analysis of clinical (general) urine will be able to help the diagnosis of the diagnosis - increased levels of red blood cells and red blood cells will be detected (leukocytes and red blood cells, respectively).To identify the type of bacterial microorganism that caused the inflammatory process, urine is hung on special nutrients, which can be used in the future to choose the most effective antibacterial drug.Before the fence of urine for bacteriological examination, it is necessary to qualitatively treat the area of external genitals with an antiseptic solution. The conduct of cystoscopy in the presence of an acute inflammatory reaction is contraindicated.In order to diagnose chronic cystitis, as well as the collection of complaints and data on anamnesis, cystoscopy helps during remission. This will establish all the necessary characteristics of an inflammatory disease. With this manipulation, it is possible to take biopsy equipment - the mucous mucosa of urine. In addition, to identify chronic cystitis, an X-Ray study with contrast is recommended.